Whether it is mixed household waste or classified waste, the composition of materials is an important basis for process design. The composition of materials is influenced by factors such as time, season, regional culture, and economic development level, and has a high degree of randomness, making it difficult to improve the homogeneity of waste materials through manual intervention.

Through years of research and design on solid waste treatment processes, it has been found that the design of solid waste treatment processes directly affects the operating costs of corresponding production lines. Targeted optimization of production lines can be achieved by manually controlling design factors, including processing capacity, end material output, usage, or potential market value. Taking the treatment ideas of plastic waste in mixed household waste treatment processes and recyclable waste processes as an example, when recyclable plastics are in mixed household waste, they are soaked in leachate or adhered to organic matter. If they need to be reused as resources, the design of screening, washing, purification and other processes will lead to an increase in resource costs. A more optimized design solution is to directly sort and incinerate them in the furnace; When recyclable plastics are present in recyclable waste, the design of direct photoelectric sorting can significantly reduce the cost of resource utilization.

The process design of solid waste treatment requires the design party and the owner to conduct research on the following information in advance: (1) properties of waste materials (material composition, moisture content, etc.). (2) Process ideas (choose resource utilization route, fuel utilization route, or mixed route). (3) Potential market for resource-based or fuel based materials (based on local market analysis of the types of resource-based or fuel based materials and the potential market value growth of each type of resource-based material). After both parties have a comprehensive understanding of this information and reached a consensus, the goal of rationalizing, practical, and economical design of the process flow can be achieved.