At present, garbage disposal is mostly landfill-based, accounting for about 70% of the total disposal volume. This method is used for garbage disposal in most countries in the world, especially in underdeveloped countries. This method is characterized by low construction and operation costs, simple operation, and large processing volume. But there are also many disadvantages:

First, it occupies a large amount of land, difficult site selection, and high land acquisition costs;

Second, it wastes a lot of garbage resources and artificially transforms garbage into garbage "resources that cannot grow, huge wealth thrown away", which cannot meet the needs of resource processing;

Third, it causes serious environmental pollution. Since the construction of existing landfills mostly cannot meet the requirements of sanitary landfill, bacteria and poisons in the garbage continue to seep downward, polluting the land and water quality.

With the increase in the amount of accumulation and the continuation of time, the pollution spreads deeply to the surrounding and underground, causing thousands of years of damage. The toxic gases emitted by the garbage spread to the surroundings, forming three-dimensional pollution in the air, surroundings, and underground. Although some "sanitary landfills" have been built in many developed countries and some more developed cities in China to reduce some pollution, there are still many environmental pollution problems caused by imperfect technology, which cannot be fundamentally solved.

Therefore, the advantages of garbage sorting equipment are highlighted. Use garbage sorting equipment to recycle domestic garbage, accurately classify urban domestic garbage, and then take appropriate treatment methods according to the different properties of the classified garbage, so that it can be recycled, so as to truly achieve garbage harmlessness, reduction, and turning harm into benefit, while reducing human demand for natural resources and realizing sustainable use of resources. Therefore, the development prospects of garbage sorting equipment are very promising.

At present, garbage sorting equipment is mainly screening machines and magnetic separators, which work according to material size and magnetic properties, and garbage materials are classified and recycled. The drum screen is efficient and suitable for the separation of materials of different sizes, but the screen surface needs to be disassembled and replaced. The disc screen can avoid the trouble of disassembly and replacement. It can adapt to the separation of materials of different sizes by adjusting the distance between the disc axes. It has self-cleaning ability and does not require other cleaning devices. Therefore, it may be the future development direction. The application of disc screen in garbage separation will become more and more extensive. Then there is the wind selection equipment, which is also a very important separator. It can achieve the separation of garbage materials of different densities by adjusting the wind speed, which is very suitable for the separation of some lightweight materials.

The working principle of magnetic separation machinery is relatively simple, using the magnetic properties of metals to work, but the layout of the sorting process is very critical. The reasonable layout of sorting equipment can make sorting more efficient. In addition to screening machines and magnetic separators, other equipment has also begun to be used for garbage sorting. For example, infrared technology and near-infrared technology are divided into glass bottles and plastic bottles.